The half step is the smallest unit of pitch used in Western music. That each letter name has its own white key on the piano and its own corresponding You move to the right on the piano, and you move up on the musical staff. The pitch of each note rises, you move forward through the musical alphabet, In each clef there is an exact correlation between the letters of the musicalĪlphabet, the notes on the staff, and the piano white keys. Pitch, Clefs, Staff, and Keyboard Combined Middle C is the C that is found in the middle of the piano keyboard. Little over seven times on the white keys of the piano keyboard. The white key between between the second and third black key. The note A on the piano by finding a group of three black keys and then playing The white keys on the piano correspond to the musical alphabet A B C D E F For example,Ĭ is always the white key immediately to the left of a two black key group,Īnd A is always between the second and third black key in a three black key These black key groups you can identify any note on the keyboard. The black keys of the piano are arranged in groups of twos and threes. To right on the piano, the pitch of each note gets higher. High notes are on the right side of the piano keyboard. Low notes are on the left side of the piano keyboard. The piano keyboard consists of 88 keys arranged in repeating groups of white Instruments that use the tenor clef include cello and trombone. The tenor clef is used less often than the treble The center point of the tenor clef symbol locates The primary instrument that uses the alto clef is the viola. Perhaps you can make up sayings for these notes. TheĪlto clef is used less often than the treble or bass clefs. The center point of the alto clef symbol locates the line that represents C.īecause it fixes the pitch C, the alto clef is referred to as a C clef. Instruments that use the bass clef include piano (left hand), cello, bassoon, The names of notes on the spaces of the bass clef (ACEG) can be remembered by saying The names of notes on the lines of the bass clef (GBDFA) can be remembered by the saying Because it defines the pitch F, the bass clef is referred to as a F clef. The two dots in the bass clef symbol locate the line that represents the pitchį. Instruments that use the treble clef include the piano (right hand), violin, When the line and space notes are combined, they form the musical alphabet. The names of notes on the spaces of the treble clef (FACE) spell FACE. The names of notes on the lines of the treble clef (EGBDF) can be remembered by the sayingĮvery Good Boy Does Fine or Elvis' Guitar Broke Down Friday. Treble clef is part of a family of clefs known as G clefs. However, they fit nicely in the bass clef. When these notes are notated in treble clef many ledger lines are necessary. When we put clefs into the example given earlier we get the musical alphabetĬlefs are chosen to match the range of a voice or an instrument so that the Of a specific pitch on a specific staff line. The names of the other lines and spaces would follow from there.Ī clef symbol is placed at the beginning of each staff to fix the location You could arbitrarily assign any staff line or space to represent the noteĪ. As you move forward through the musicalĪlphabet the pitch of each note gets higher. The musical alphabet consists of the letters A B C D E F G.Įach letter corresponds to a specific line or space on the staff. The higher up the staff the note appears, the higher the pitch. Ledger lines never extend further than necessary. They maintain the spacing of the staff lines and extend Ledger lines can appearĪbove or below the staff. Ledger lines are used to extend the range of the staff. In hand written music be careful to center notes on the line or draw them completely A note in a space is contained within the space between the lines. Staves are often connected by a brace or bracket You can refer to the lines and spaces as follows. Music is written on a music staff that consists of five lines and four spaces. Pitch ranges are often referred to in terms of the human singing voice.įor more detailed explanations of pitch and other properties of sound, see Pitch refers to how high or low a note sounds. MUSC 101 Unit 2 Theory Basics MUSC 101 Music Fundamentals - Spring 2012 Unit 2 Theory Basics
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